That's enough to drive you round the bend!ĭid you know, in 1997 a Frenchman named Philippe Khan invented the camera phone in France.ĭid you know, camouflage is a French word. The English love a good roundabout but did you know, more than half of all the roundabouts in the world reside in France. Two or more individuals having the same name: les deux Blanchard (the two Blanchard's).ĭid you know, the name France originated from the latin word Francia (Frankia, country or kingdom of the Franks). The entire family: les Dupont (the Smith's), les Fortier (the Fortier's). Geographical names pertaining to several countries, mountains, such as les Amériques (Americas) and les Pyrenées (the Pyrenees).Īs a rule, last names are not pluralized when they refer to: Nouns of nationality or world-renouned names like les Russes (Russians) or les Bonapartes (the Bonapartes). Proper nouns are expressed in their plural if they are: Some nouns have two forms for their plural forms, each form having a different meaning or usage: aïeul/aïeuls/aïeux (grandfather/grandparents/forefathers). Exceptions are the following seven words which add an -x : bijou/bijoux (jewel/jewelry), caillou/cailloux (Pebble/pebbles), chou/choux (cabbage/cabbage), genou/genoux (knee/knees), hibou/hiboux (owl/owls), joujou/joujoux (toy/toys) and pou/poux (louse/lice). Most nouns ending in -ou add an -s to form their plural: un trou/des trous (a hole/Holes).
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Exceptions to this rule are nine nouns which change -ail to -aux to form their plural: bail/baux (lease/leases), corail/coraux (coral/corals), émail/émaux (email/emails), soupirail/soupiraux (basement window or vent/basement windows or vents), travail/travaux (job or work/jobs or works), vantail/vantaux (door panel/door panels or leaves). un sérail/des sérails (A seraglio/Of the seraglios). Most nouns ending in -ail normally add an -s to form their plural. Exception: un pneu/des pneus (a tire/tires). Most nouns ending in -au or -eu form their plural by adding an -x: un cheveu/des cheveux (a strand of hair/hair), un bureau/des bureaux (an office/offices). Exceptions to this rule are several words which only add an -s to form their plural: bal (ball), cal (callus), carnaval (carnival), chacal (jackal), festival (festival), régal (treat). Most nouns ending in -al change to -aux : un canal/des canaux (a canal/channels), un cheval/des chevaux (horse/horses). If the noun already ends in -s, -z or -x, the plural form remains the same: un fils/des fils (a son/sons), le nez/les nez (the nose/the noses), la croix/les croix (the cross/the crosses).
If you want to learn more about French nouns we have lots of French noun video tutorials for you to study and learn.Īn -s is added to most singular nouns to form their plural: un livre/des livres (a book/books), une chaise/des chaises (a chair/chairs). The most common feminine noun endings are:Īutomobile trade names are feminine: une Ford, une Peugeot. Words borrowed from other languages are generally masculine: le tennis, le parking. Soft drink trade names are masculine: un Coca, un Perrier, un Orangina. Names of most trees and bushes are masculine. The most common masculine noune endings are:ĭays of the week, months, numbers and the letters of the alphabet are masculine.
While there is no rule that determines why certain things are feminine and some masculine, some endings give a good indication of the gender of a word. How can you tell if a noun is masculine or feminine?Įasy, watch this language lesson from French Pod 101. The accent grave is also used on the vowel a in words like deçà (below), déjà (already), delà (of the) and voilà (here). To differentiate two homonyms (words spelled alike but which have a different meaning): où (where) and ou (for), à (to, in, at) and a (has), là (there) and la (the). The accent grave is used on an open e at the end of a syllable or before a final s (Example: mère and très ). There are 3 variations of accent marks (diacritical marks) in the French language: The accent aigu is used to open up the sound of a closed e when it is not followed by a final d, f or z (Example: café, 'répétez, vérité ). However, the last syllable of a word is slightly emphasized. After this cardinal numbers are used.ġ e, premier (masculine), première (feminine)Ģ e, deuxième (masculine/feminine), second (masculine), seconde (feminine)ģ e, troisième (masculine/feminine), tiers (masculine), tierce (feminine)įrench syllables are evenly stressed. When expressing a date or the name of a monarch the only ordinal number used is 1st (premier or première).
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For a complete list of tutorials which teach you how to count in French visit our French numbers page.Īn ordinal number is written with an elevated e next to the number.
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